The Chinese Shar Pei is an iconic and beloved dog breed, known for its unique features such as deeply wrinkled skin, a broad face, and a distinctive “hippopotamus” look. These dogs are often admired for their calm and independent nature, making them excellent companions for families and individuals alike. However, the question often arises: are Chinese Shar Peis rare? In this article, we will explore the history of the breed, factors that contribute to their rarity, and how their popularity has evolved over time.
The History of the Chinese Shar Pei
To fully understand why the Chinese Shar Pei might be considered rare, it is essential to first look at the breed’s history. Originating in China, this breed has been around for thousands of years. The Shar Pei was initially bred for various purposes, including hunting, guarding, and as a fighting dog. The breed’s signature wrinkles were believed to have been a functional trait, designed to protect the dog during fights by making it difficult for opponents to grab a hold of them.
In addition to their appearance, Shar Peis were also used for guarding livestock and homes. The breed was highly valued in China, and for centuries, these dogs were kept in rural areas and served practical purposes.
However, by the mid-20th century, the Shar Pei’s numbers began to dwindle. The political and economic upheaval in China during the 20th century, particularly during and after the Chinese Civil War, had a severe impact on the population of many native dog breeds, including the Shar Pei. The dog’s declining popularity led to it becoming near extinction.
In the 1970s, however, American breeders rediscovered the breed and helped revive it. Since then, the breed’s popularity has surged globally. But despite their resurgence, the Chinese Shar Pei still retains a certain level of rarity, particularly when compared to more common dog breeds.
What Makes the Chinese Shar Pei Unique?
The Chinese Shar Pei stands out for several unique physical and behavioral traits. These dogs are well-known for their deeply wrinkled skin, which gives them a distinctive “aged” or “elderly” appearance. The folds of skin are one of the breed’s most identifiable features and set it apart from other dogs. This wrinkled appearance was not just for show; it was believed to serve a practical function, helping the dog protect itself during fights.
In addition to their wrinkles, Chinese Shar Peis have a broad, flat face with a wide, short muzzle. Their eyes are almond-shaped, and they have a characteristic blue-black tongue, which is another trait they share with the Chow Chow.
Shar Peis have a relatively short coat that is rough to the touch, which is often referred to as a “horse coat.” Some Shar Peis have a longer, softer coat known as the “brush coat.” Despite their unique appearance, Shar Peis are generally calm, affectionate, and independent dogs. While they may be reserved with strangers, they form strong bonds with their families and are often loyal companions.
These unique traits, particularly their distinctive appearance, have contributed to the breed’s fame. However, they also make the Shar Pei a rare breed in some regions. While the breed has become increasingly popular worldwide, it is still not as common as other more mainstream dog breeds.
Why Are Chinese Shar Peis Considered Rare?
Several factors contribute to the rarity of Chinese Shar Peis, even though they are no longer on the verge of extinction. Let’s explore some of the key reasons why this breed remains relatively rare, despite its growing popularity.
1. Limited Original Breeding Population
As mentioned earlier, the Chinese Shar Pei was nearly extinct by the time it was rediscovered by breeders in the 1970s. The breed’s numbers had dwindled significantly, and only a small number of dogs were available for breeding. Because of this limited gene pool, the Shar Pei was considered rare and could not be found in abundance. Although breeders have worked tirelessly to increase the population since then, the breed’s numbers remain lower than more widely recognized breeds like the Labrador Retriever or German Shepherd.
2. Health Challenges
Chinese Shar Peis are prone to certain health problems, particularly related to their distinctive wrinkled skin. Their deep folds require regular cleaning to avoid skin infections. Without proper hygiene, Shar Peis are at risk of developing dermatological issues like pyoderma (skin infections), which can lead to more serious conditions if left untreated.
Additionally, the breed is prone to other health issues such as hip dysplasia, entropion (a condition in which the eyelids roll inward), and respiratory problems, especially due to their flat face. These health issues can make breeding and caring for Shar Peis more challenging, which may contribute to their relative rarity.
Moreover, the breed’s susceptibility to these conditions can make it more expensive to care for and maintain, further limiting its widespread appeal. People who want to own a Shar Pei must be committed to regular veterinary care and maintenance, which may deter potential owners.
3. Limited Appeal
While Chinese Shar Peis are admired for their unique appearance, their appearance is not to everyone’s liking. The breed’s wrinkles, for example, might seem unattractive to some people. Others may find their independent and sometimes aloof nature difficult to handle, particularly for first-time dog owners.
Furthermore, the Shar Pei’s relatively low energy levels and independent temperament may not appeal to people looking for a more active or sociable dog. These factors combine to limit the number of people who are interested in adopting or purchasing a Shar Pei, which contributes to its rarity.
4. Specific Breeding Requirements
Chinese Shar Peis require careful and specific breeding practices. Due to the breed’s limited genetic pool, breeders must be selective in their breeding programs to avoid genetic disorders. This requires expertise and a strong understanding of the breed’s unique needs. Consequently, only a small number of breeders are involved in Shar Pei breeding, further limiting the availability of puppies.
Additionally, the breed’s appearance, particularly the wrinkled skin, requires ongoing attention. Breeding dogs with excessive wrinkling can lead to health problems, such as skin infections, which may discourage some breeders from pursuing Shar Pei breeding.
5. High Demand for Authenticity
Given their unique characteristics and history, authentic Chinese Shar Peis are in high demand. The desire for a dog with true Chinese origins, as opposed to a mixed breed, further limits the number of puppies available for sale. This demand for purity can make the breed more rare, as buyers often seek out reputable breeders who maintain the breed’s traditional standards.
Chinese Shar Pei: Popularity on the Rise
Despite the breed’s rarity, Chinese Shar Peis have gained popularity worldwide. In the 1980s, the Shar Pei gained international fame, particularly in the United States, where it became a sought-after companion dog. The breed’s distinctive look caught the attention of dog lovers, and many people were eager to own a Shar Pei.
In fact, the Shar Pei’s rise to fame was significantly boosted by a series of media appearances and its popularity in the show dog community. Shar Peis began appearing at major dog shows, and their unique features helped them stand out in the competitive world of dog breeding.
Today, Chinese Shar Peis are still considered a relatively rare breed in some regions, but they have become more accessible to those willing to invest in finding a reputable breeder. Social media and online platforms have made it easier for prospective Shar Pei owners to connect with breeders and find puppies, further increasing the breed’s visibility.
Conclusion
The Chinese Shar Pei is indeed a rare breed, though its popularity has been steadily increasing over the years. Factors such as the breed’s limited genetic pool, specific health challenges, and independent temperament contribute to its relative rarity. Despite these challenges, the breed’s unique appearance, calm nature, and strong bond with its owners make it an appealing choice for many dog lovers.
While not as common as other breeds, Chinese Shar Peis are no longer on the verge of extinction. With the efforts of breeders and enthusiasts, the Shar Pei continues to thrive and find its place as a cherished companion around the world. If you are considering adding a Shar Pei to your family, it’s essential to be aware of the breed’s unique characteristics and the commitment required to care for these remarkable dogs. Their rarity only adds to their charm and allure, making them a prized addition to any home.