The Shar Pei is a distinctive breed known for its wrinkled skin, deep-set eyes, and playful, yet loyal personality. This breed is also known for being prone to certain health conditions, one of the most notable being Shar Pei fever. As a responsible dog owner, it’s essential to be familiar with the signs of Shar Pei fever and understand its causes, symptoms, treatment, and prevention.
Shar Pei fever is a genetic condition that affects some Shar Peis, leading to episodes of high fever, pain, and inflammation. This illness is primarily linked to the breed’s genetic predisposition to familial Shar Pei fever, a hereditary disorder. Although it can be distressing for both the dog and the owner, with early detection and proper management, Shar Pei fever can be managed effectively.
In this article, we will explore what Shar Pei fever is, its signs, how it affects your dog’s health, and what steps you can take to help prevent and manage this condition.
What Is Shar Pei Fever?
Shar Pei fever is a condition that typically affects Chinese Shar Pei dogs, and it is linked to a specific gene that causes periodic episodes of fever. It is also called Familial Shar Pei Fever (FSF). The fever episodes can last from a few hours to several days and are often accompanied by swelling, pain, and discomfort. In some cases, the fever can lead to more severe complications, such as organ damage, if left untreated.
This condition is genetic, meaning it’s inherited from the dog’s parents. It’s most common in young Shar Peis, usually appearing in puppies between 6 months and 2 years of age. While not all Shar Peis develop this condition, those that do may experience recurrent episodes of fever throughout their lives.
The exact cause of Shar Pei fever is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to an abnormal response of the immune system. The condition can sometimes be mistaken for other illnesses due to its wide range of symptoms, which is why it’s crucial to understand its signs and how it differs from other conditions.
What Are the Signs of Shar Pei Fever?
Recognizing the signs of Shar Pei fever early can help you seek prompt veterinary care for your dog, reducing the risk of complications. The primary symptom of Shar Pei fever is a sudden, high fever, but there are other indicators to look out for.
1. High Fever
The hallmark sign of Shar Pei fever is a high fever, usually above 103°F (39.4°C). Dogs with Shar Pei fever will often have a temperature that spikes suddenly, leading to symptoms of discomfort. This fever may appear without warning, and it can last for several hours or even a few days.
2. Lethargy and Weakness
Dogs suffering from Shar Pei fever often become unusually tired or lethargic. They may seem disinterested in their usual activities, such as playing, walking, or eating. Your Shar Pei may appear weak and may avoid physical exertion. This is due to the fever and the discomfort caused by the inflammation in the body.
3. Swelling and Pain
In addition to fever, many dogs with Shar Pei fever experience swelling, particularly in the joints or the skin. This swelling can be painful, making the dog reluctant to move or walk. In some cases, the fever can also cause painful bumps or abscesses to form under the skin, which may worsen during a fever episode.
4. Vomiting and Diarrhea
Another common sign of Shar Pei fever is gastrointestinal upset. Your dog may vomit or have diarrhea, especially if the fever is accompanied by inflammation in the abdominal region. This can lead to dehydration, so it’s important to monitor your dog’s water intake during a fever episode.
5. Increased Heart Rate
When a dog is running a fever, their heart rate typically increases. This may be noticeable during episodes of Shar Pei fever. You may observe that your dog’s pulse is faster than usual, or you may notice panting as a result of the increased heart rate.
6. Decreased Appetite
Dogs with Shar Pei fever may lose their appetite, which is common when they are feeling unwell. The fever, pain, and general malaise can cause your dog to eat less or refuse food altogether. It is essential to monitor their food intake during these times, as not eating for prolonged periods can lead to other health complications.
7. Behavioral Changes
Some Shar Peis with fever may exhibit unusual behavioral changes. They might be more irritable, agitated, or seek excessive attention from their owners. In other cases, they may become withdrawn or hide in an attempt to deal with the discomfort. These behavioral changes are typically the result of pain or fever.
8. Red or Inflamed Eyes
In some cases, Shar Pei fever can cause redness and inflammation in the eyes. This may be accompanied by discharge or watery eyes. Inflammation can occur in other areas of the dog’s body as well, contributing to the overall symptoms of fever.
9. Shivering or Tremors
Your Shar Pei may shiver or exhibit tremors when they have a high fever. Shivering is a response to the body trying to regulate its temperature during a fever episode. Tremors may also occur due to the discomfort caused by the fever.
Diagnosing Shar Pei Fever
If you suspect that your Shar Pei is suffering from fever or any of the signs mentioned above, it’s essential to seek veterinary care immediately. A veterinarian will perform a thorough physical exam and may use various diagnostic tools to determine if your dog has Shar Pei fever or another condition.
Some of the common diagnostic tests that might be used include:
Physical Examination: A veterinarian will check your dog’s vital signs, including temperature, heart rate, and overall condition.
Blood Tests: Blood tests can help assess your dog’s immune system response and detect any underlying infections or inflammatory markers.
Urine Tests: Urine tests can help determine if there is any sign of kidney problems, which could be related to Shar Pei fever.
X-rays or Ultrasound: These may be performed to rule out any organ damage or other conditions causing the symptoms.
Once a diagnosis of Shar Pei fever is made, the veterinarian will discuss treatment options with you and provide advice on managing the condition.
Treating Shar Pei Fever
Currently, there is no cure for Shar Pei fever, but the condition can be managed with proper treatment. Treatment generally focuses on alleviating symptoms, reducing inflammation, and preventing complications.
1. Fever Reduction
One of the first steps in treating Shar Pei fever is lowering the dog’s fever. Veterinarians may recommend anti-inflammatory medications such as corticosteroids or NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) to reduce the fever and ease inflammation. These medications can help to reduce swelling and make the dog more comfortable.
2. Pain Relief
If your dog is experiencing joint pain or muscle soreness due to inflammation, pain relief medications may be prescribed. These medications can help to reduce discomfort and improve mobility, especially during fever episodes.
3. Fluid Therapy
If your dog is vomiting or has diarrhea due to the fever, they may become dehydrated. In such cases, your veterinarian may administer fluids intravenously or through subcutaneous injections to ensure that your dog stays hydrated.
4. Antibiotics
If a secondary bacterial infection is suspected, antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent further complications. However, antibiotics are typically used only when there is evidence of an infection, as Shar Pei fever itself is not caused by bacteria.
5. Steroid Treatment
For dogs that experience recurrent episodes of Shar Pei fever, your veterinarian may recommend a long-term treatment plan that includes corticosteroids. Steroids can help to manage inflammation and may reduce the frequency of fever episodes in some dogs.
Preventing Shar Pei Fever
Since Shar Pei fever is a genetic condition, there is no foolproof way to prevent it from occurring. However, there are steps you can take to reduce the likelihood of fever episodes and help manage your dog’s health.
Genetic Testing: If you’re considering breeding your Shar Pei, genetic testing can help identify dogs that carry the gene responsible for Shar Pei fever. By breeding only dogs without this gene, the likelihood of passing on the condition can be minimized.
Regular Vet Check-ups: Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to monitor your dog’s overall health and catch any potential problems early. If your dog is diagnosed with Shar Pei fever, your veterinarian can help you manage the condition and reduce the risk of severe complications.
Healthy Lifestyle: Keeping your dog in good health through a balanced diet, regular exercise, and weight management can help them stay strong and better able to cope with fever episodes when they occur.
Conclusion
Shar Pei fever is a challenging condition that affects some Shar Pei dogs, causing high fever, pain, and inflammation. While there is no cure for this genetic condition, recognizing the signs early and seeking prompt veterinary care can help reduce the severity of fever episodes and improve your dog’s quality of life. By working closely with your veterinarian, you can manage the condition effectively and ensure that your Shar Pei remains happy and healthy for many years. Understanding Shar Pei fever is an essential part of being a responsible dog owner, and with the right care and attention, you can help your dog live a long and fulfilling life.